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3.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 56(4): 390-393, Oct.-Dec. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055169

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Drug-induced liver injury is still misunderstood in Brazil due to diagnostic difficulties or lack of reporting incidents. OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of adverse events related to the use of medicines in a primary healthcare unit, in a city locate southwestern of the state of Bahia, Brazil. METHODS: Prospective study conducted at the Primary Center for Specialized Health (CEMEA), February at August of 2013 in Vitoria da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil. Interviews were conducted with patients over 18 years old, and their clinical and laboratorial data were collected. The CIOMS scale was used to validate the cases. RESULTS: A total of 149 patients, mainly Afro-Brazilian women, received follow-up. Among these patients, three cases of hepatotoxicity were identified, and the medicines associated to drug-induced liver injuries were: nimesulide, budesonide and valacyclovir. CONCLUSION: Drug-induced liver injury is rare in primary healthcare units. It also allowed estimating the incidence of hepatotoxicity induced by allopathic medicines which are standardized by public healthcare authorities.


RESUMO CONTEXTO: As lesões hepáticas induzidas por drogas (DILI), ainda são mal compreendidas no Brasil devido a dificuldades diagnósticas ou à falta de relatos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a frequência de eventos adversos relacionados ao uso de medicamentos em uma unidade básica de saúde, em uma cidade do sudoeste baiano. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo realizado no período de fevereiro a agosto de 2013 em Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil. Entrevistas foram realizadas com pacientes maiores de 18 anos; os dados clínicos e laboratoriais foram coletados. A escala do CIOMS foi usada para avaliar causalidade dos casos. RESULTADOS: Um total de 149 pacientes, principalmente mulheres afro-brasileiras, receberam acompanhamento. Entre esses pacientes, três casos de hepatotoxicidade foram identificados e os medicamentos associados à DILI foram: nimesulida, budesonida e valaciclovir. CONCLUSÃO: DILI é raro em unidades básicas de saúde. Os três casos foram todos reversíveis, sem necessidade de internação hospitalar. Políticas de saúde que fomentam a prática da farmacovigilância são extremamente importantes para a prevenção e detecção de DILI.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Sulfonamides/adverse effects , Drug Monitoring/methods , Budesonide/adverse effects , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/epidemiology , Valacyclovir/adverse effects , Primary Health Care , Brazil/epidemiology , Prospective Studies , Middle Aged
5.
J. bras. pneumol ; 39(4): 409-417, June-August/2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-686600

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe and characterize local adverse effects (in the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx) associated with the use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) in patients with moderate or severe asthma. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving a convenience sample of 200 asthma patients followed in the Department of Pharmaceutical Care of the Bahia State Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis Control Program Referral Center, located in the city of Salvador, Brazil. The patients were ≥ 18 years of age and had been using ICSs regularly for at least 6 months. Local adverse effects (irritation, pain, dry throat, throat clearing, hoarseness, reduced vocal intensity, loss of voice, sensation of thirst, cough during ICS use, altered sense of taste, and presence of oral candidiasis) were assessed using a 30-day recall questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the 200 patients studied, 159 (79.5%) were women. The mean age was 50.7 ± 14.4 years. In this sample, 55 patients (27.5%) were using high doses of ICS, with a median treatment duration of 38 months. Regarding the symptoms, 163 patients (81.5%) reported at least one adverse effect, and 131 (65.5%) had a daily perception of at least one symptom. Vocal and pharyngeal symptoms were identified in 57 (28.5%) and 154 (77.0%) of the patients, respectively. The most commonly reported adverse effects were dry throat, throat clearing, sensation of thirst, and hoarseness. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported adverse effects ...


OBJETIVO: Descrever e caracterizar os eventos adversos locais na orofaringe e laringe associados ao uso de corticosteroide inalatório (CI) em pacientes com asma moderada ou grave. MÉTODOS: Estudo de corte transversal, com amostra de conveniência composta por 200 pacientes acompanhados no Serviço de Assistência Farmacêutica da Central de Referência do Programa para Controle da Asma na Bahia, em Salvador (BA). Os pacientes tinham ≥ 18 anos e estavam em uso regular de CI por período ≥ 6 meses. Os eventos adversos locais (irritação, dor, garganta seca, pigarro, rouquidão, redução da potência da voz, perda de voz; sensação de sede, tosse durante inalação, alteração do paladar e presença de monilíase oral) foram avaliados por meio de um questionário com período recordatório de 30 dias. RESULTADOS: Dos 200 pacientes estudados, 159 (79,5%) eram mulheres. A média de idade foi de 50,7 ± 14,4 anos. Nesta amostra, 55 pacientes (27,5%) utilizavam altas doses de CI, com mediana de duração de tratamento de 38 meses. Em relação aos sintomas, 163 pacientes (81,5%) reportaram ao menos um evento adverso, e 131 (65,5%) tinham a percepção diária de pelo menos um sintoma. Os sintomas de voz e de faringe foram identificados em 57 (28,5%) e 154 (77,0%) pacientes, respectivamente. Os eventos adversos mais frequentemente relatados foram garganta seca, ...


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/adverse effects , Asthma/drug therapy , Beclomethasone/adverse effects , Budesonide/adverse effects , Glucocorticoids/adverse effects , Oropharynx/drug effects , Administration, Inhalation , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/administration & dosage , Beclomethasone/administration & dosage , Budesonide/administration & dosage , Cross-Sectional Studies , Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage , Hoarseness/chemically induced , Severity of Illness Index , Thirst
6.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 82(5,supl): S198-S205, Nov. 2006. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-441740

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Revisar os mecanismos moleculares de ação, eficácia e potenciais efeitos adversos relacionados aos corticosteróides inalados (CEI) em crianças com asma persistente. FONTES DOS DADOS: Artigos de língua inglesa da base de dados MEDLINE. Foram empregados os termos: corticosteroids, inhaled corticosteroids, asthma, children, beclomethasone, fluticasone, budesonide, ciclesonide, growth, adrenal insufficiency, bone mineral density, oral candidiasis. Foram selecionados guias de tratamento, artigos de revisão, estudos controlados, meta-análises e revisões sistemáticas que avaliaram a eficácia e os eventos adversos do tratamento com CEI. SíNTESE DOS DADOS: Estudos in vivo e in vitro mostram que os CEI disponíveis apresentam diferentes características farmacocinéticas e farmacodinâmicas que lhes conferem diferentes potenciais de ação. Os CEI também diferem quanto aos efeitos adversos sistêmicos e locais. Salienta-se a biodisponibilidade desses produtos como essencial para determinar a incidência de efeitos colaterais. Em linhas gerais, os CEI são capazes de controlar a asma, reduzindo o número de exacerbações, atendimentos médicos, hospitalizações e a necessidade de pulsos de corticosteróides orais. Também se observa melhora da função pulmonar, sobretudo nos pacientes com asma de início recente. O efeito adversos mais documentado é a desaceleração transitória do ritmo de crescimento. CONCLUSÕES: Os CEI são o principal agente antiinflamatório utilizado no tratamento da asma persistente. Quando administrados em doses baixas, mostram-se seguros e efetivos. O monitoramento dos pacientes permite a detecção precoce de eventuais efeitos adversos associados aos CEI.


OBJECTIVE: Review the molecular mechanisms of action, efficacy, and potential side effects associated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in children with persistent asthma. SOURCES: Articles in English from MEDLINE. The following terms were used: corticosteroids, inhaled corticosteroids, asthma, children, beclomethasone, fluticasone, budesonide, ciclesonide, growth, adrenal insufficiency, bone mineral density, and oral candidiasis. Treatment guidelines, review articles, controlled trials, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews evaluating the efficacy and the adverse events of treatment with ICS were selected. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS: In vivo and in vitro studies show that the available ICS have different pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties that result in different action potentials. ICS also differ as to the systemic and local side effects. The bioavailability of these products is essential in order to determine the incidence of side effects. In general, ICS are capable of controlling asthma, reducing the number of exacerbations, medical consultations, hospitalizations, and the need of oral corticosteroid (applications) bursts. Improvement can also be seen in pulmonary function, especially in patients with recent onset asthma. The most documented adverse effect is transitory decrease of growth rate. CONCLUSIONS: ICS are the main anti-inflammatory agent used to treat persistent asthma. When administered in low doses, they seem to be safe and effective. Patient monitoring allows for early detection of possible side effects associated with ICS.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adult , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Asthma/drug therapy , Administration, Inhalation , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/adverse effects , Androstadienes/adverse effects , Androstadienes/therapeutic use , Anti-Allergic Agents/adverse effects , Anti-Allergic Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/adverse effects , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/adverse effects , Biological Availability , Beclomethasone/adverse effects , Beclomethasone/therapeutic use , Bone Density/drug effects , Budesonide/adverse effects , Budesonide/therapeutic use , Child Development/drug effects , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Pregnenediones/adverse effects , Pregnenediones/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome
7.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 134(1): 60-64, ene. 2006. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-426119

ABSTRACT

Background: The use of inhaled steroids is common in the treatment of bronchial asthma in children. Aim: To assess adrenocortical function in children with severe asthma receiving inhaled budesonide for six or more months. Material and methods: Children with severe asthma that required 800 µg/day or more of inhaled budesonide and that did not required systemic steroids for more than six days in the last four months to control their disease, were studied. Serum cortisol was measured one hour after administration of 0.25 mg of ACTH (Cosyntropin®) intravenously. The test was considered normal if post stimulation serum cortisol was over 18 µg/ml. Results: Twenty children (aged 5 to 14 years, 15 males), were studied. The stimulation test was normal in 17 children. Conclusions: Alterations in adrenal function are present in a small proportion of asthmatic children who require 800 µg/day of inhaled budesonide.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Adrenal Cortex/drug effects , Asthma/drug therapy , Bronchodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Budesonide/administration & dosage , Hydrocortisone/blood , Administration, Inhalation , Adrenal Cortex Function Tests , Asthma/blood , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Budesonide/adverse effects , Prospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Time Factors
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